In this section
@article{Zhou:2026:10.1103/psz6-f48t,
author = {Zhou, R and Lefauve, A and Verzicco, R and Lohse, D},
doi = {10.1103/psz6-f48t},
journal = {Physical Review Fluids},
title = {Transition to the ultimate regime of turbulent convection in stratified inclined duct flow},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/psz6-f48t},
volume = {11},
year = {2026}
}
TY - JOUR
AB - <jats:p> The stratified inclined duct (SID) provides a canonical setup for sustained, buoyancy-driven exchange flow between two reservoirs of different density, and emerges as a paradigm in geophysical fluid dynamics. Yet, the flow dynamics remain unclear in the highly turbulent regime; laboratory experiments can access this regime but they lack resolution, while direct numerical simulations (DNSs) at realistically high Prandtl number, <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <a:mrow> <a:mi>Pr</a:mi> <a:mo>=</a:mo> <a:mn>7</a:mn> </a:mrow> </a:math> (for heat in water), have not achieved sufficiently high Reynolds numbers <b:math xmlns:b="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <b:mi>Re</b:mi> </b:math> . We conduct three-dimensional DNSs up to <c:math xmlns:c="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <c:mrow> <c:mi>Re</c:mi> <c:mo>=</c:mo> <c:mn>8000</c:mn> </c:mrow> </c:math> and observe the transition to the so-called ultimate regime of turbulent convection as evidenced by the Nusselt number scaling <d:math xmlns:d="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <d:mrow> <d:mi>Nu</d:mi> <d:mo>∼</d:mo> <d:msup> <d:mi>Ra</d:mi> <d:mrow>
AU - Zhou,R
AU - Lefauve,A
AU - Verzicco,R
AU - Lohse,D
DO - 10.1103/psz6-f48t
PY - 2026///
TI - Transition to the ultimate regime of turbulent convection in stratified inclined duct flow
T2 - Physical Review Fluids
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/psz6-f48t
UR - https://doi.org/10.1103/psz6-f48t
VL - 11
ER -
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