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BibTex format

@article{Branchett:2026:10.1038/s41590-026-02544-0,
author = {Branchett, WJ and Kim, J-W and Shields, J and Chakravarty, P and Lee, J and Novsarka, I and Slawinski, H and Wilkinson, KA and Wilkinson, RJ and Kamil, A and Verma, R and Haldar, P and OGarra, A},
doi = {10.1038/s41590-026-02544-0},
journal = {Nature Immunology},
title = {Airway immune signatures of protection and disease progression in recent human tuberculosis household contacts},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41590-026-02544-0},
year = {2026}
}
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TY  - JOUR
AB  - <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>                  <jats:p>                    The local immune factors dictating whether individuals who have been infected with                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</jats:italic>                    remain healthy or progress to active tuberculosis (TB) have not been defined. Here we interrogated the airway immune response at single-cell resolution in bronchoalveolar lavage from positron emission and computed tomography-characterized recent TB household contacts, who either controlled the infection or progressed to TB disease, as well as of patients with active TB at diagnosis. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed type I IFN-dependent and IFN-independent neutrophil signatures in bronchoalveolar lavage from patients with active TB and TB progressors. We report an inverse relationship between airway neutrophils and T cells, with T cells showing signatures of exhaustion, cytotoxicity and cell death in progressors and patients with active TB with a neutrophil-dominated airway profile. Conversely, we identified T cell signatures of protection in nonprogressor contacts dominated by genes related to regulation, quiescence and a stem-like profile. Our findings from early human airway responses in TB contacts reveal genes, pathways and cell states that may dictate infection outcome and inform strategies for developing effective host-directed therapies and vaccines.                  </jats:p>
AU  - Branchett,WJ
AU  - Kim,J-W
AU  - Shields,J
AU  - Chakravarty,P
AU  - Lee,J
AU  - Novsarka,I
AU  - Slawinski,H
AU  - Wilkinson,KA
AU  - Wilkinson,RJ
AU  - Kamil,A
AU  - Verma,R
AU  - Haldar,P
AU  - OGarra,A
DO  - 10.1038/s41590-026-02544-0
PY  - 2026///
SN  - 1529-2908
TI  - Airway immune signatures of protection and disease progression in recent human tuberculosis household contacts
T2  - Nature Immunology
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41590-026-02544-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-026-02544-0
ER  -
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