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Journal articleBorhani M, McGregor AH, Bull AMJ, 2013, , Gait and Posture, Vol: 38, Pages: 1032-1037, ISSN: 0966-6362
Multiple marker sets and models are currently available for assessing pelvic kinematics in gait. Despite the presence of a variety models, there are still debates on their reliability and consistency, and consequently there is no clearly defined standard. Two marker sets were evaluated in this study: the ‘Traditional’ where markers are placed at the anterior and posterior superior iliac spines (ASISs, PSISs); and the ‘Cluster’, where a cluster of three orthogonal markers fixed on a rigid based is attached to the sacrum. The two sets were compared with respect to intra and inter session standard deviations of maximum pelvic tilt, obliquity and rotation angles. The repeatability between and within sessions was measured using coefficient of multiple correlation (CMC). Also the similarity between the two sets was assessed using inter-protocol CMC (ipCMC). Both data sets generated showed high within and between session repeatability in the sagittal plane (CMC > 0.80), although the Cluster method showed higher repeatability than that of the Traditional method in non-sagittal plane motion for both within and between sessions. The authors are not aware of other studies reporting the differences in intra and inter session variability and repeatability values for different body mass index categories such as overweight and obese subjects with relatively large sample size. Hence the Cluster method overcomes a number of theoretical and experimental limitations such as minimising the marker occlusion and is a reliable alternative to the Traditional (the standard) marker set.
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Journal articleNeedham AW, Abel RL, Tomkinson T, et al., 2013, , GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA, Vol: 116, Pages: 96-110, ISSN: 0016-7037
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- Citations: 25
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Journal articleHoward LE, Holmes WM, Ferrando S, et al., 2013, , Journal of Morphology, Vol: 274, Pages: 987-1009, ISSN: 0362-2525
<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title><jats:p>Holocephalans (chimaeras) are a group of marine fishes comprising three families: the Callorhinchidae (callorhinchid fishes), the Rhinochimaeridae (rhinochimaerid fishes) and the Chimaeridae (chimaerid fishes). We have used Xray microcomputed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging to characterise in detail the nasal anatomy of three species of chimaerid fishes:<jats:italic>Chimaera monstrosa</jats:italic>,<jats:italic>C. phantasma</jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Hydrolagus colliei</jats:italic>. We have shown that the nasal chamber of these three species is linked to the external environment by an incurrent channel and to the oral cavity by an excurrent channel via an oral groove. A protrusion of variable morphology is present on the medial wall of the incurrent channel in all three species, but is absent in members of the two other holocephalan families that we inspected. A third nasal channel, the lateral channel, functionally connects the incurrent nostril to the oral cavity, bypassing the nasal chamber. From anatomical reconstructions, we have proposed a model for the circulation of water, and therefore the transport of odorant, in the chimaerid nasal region. In this model, water could flow through the nasal region via the nasal chamber or the lateral channel. In either case, the direction of flow could be reversed. Circulation through the entire nasal region is likely to be driven primarily by the respiratory pump. We have identified several anatomical features that may segregate, distribute, facilitate and regulate flow in the nasal region and have considered the consequences of flow reversal. The nonsensory cilia lining the olfactory sensory channels appear to be mucuspropelling, suggesting that these cilia have a common protective role in cartilaginous fishes (sharks, rays and chimaeras). The nasal region of chimaerid fishes shows at least two adaptations to a
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Journal articleDuffell LD, Gulati V, Southgate DFL, et al., 2013, , GAIT & POSTURE, Vol: 38, Pages: 745-750, ISSN: 0966-6362
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- Citations: 33
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Journal articleBergmann JHM, Graham S, Howard N, et al., 2013, , MEASUREMENT, Vol: 46, Pages: 2193-2200, ISSN: 0263-2241
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- Citations: 3
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Journal articleGupte C, St Mart J-P, 2013, , JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF MEDICINE, Vol: 106, Pages: 259-268, ISSN: 0141-0768
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- Citations: 9
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Journal articleWalsh SA, Iwaniuk AN, Knoll MA, et al., 2013, , PLoS ONE, Vol: 8, Pages: e67176-e67176
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Journal articlePincus T, Anwar S, McCracken L, et al., 2013, , TRIALS, Vol: 14, ISSN: 1745-6215
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- Citations: 15
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Journal articleKaria M, Masjedi M, Andrews B, et al., 2013, , Advances in Orthopedics, Vol: 2013
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Journal articleCobb JP, 2013, , BONE & JOINT JOURNAL, Vol: 95B, Pages: 861-861, ISSN: 2049-4394
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- Citations: 1
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Journal articleHart AJ, Muirhead-Allwood S, Porter M, et al., 2013, , JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME, Vol: 95A, Pages: 678-685, ISSN: 0021-9355
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- Citations: 57
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Journal articleOsmani HT, Henckel J, Cobb J, et al., 2013, , HIP INTERNATIONAL, Vol: 23, Pages: 274-280, ISSN: 1120-7000
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- Citations: 3
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Journal articleWang P, Low KH, McGregor AH, et al., 2013, , RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES, Vol: 34, Pages: 1226-1235, ISSN: 0891-4222
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- Citations: 16
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Journal articleDuffell L, Alexander C, Greenwood N, et al., 2013, , MANUAL THERAPY, Vol: 18, Pages: E10-E10, ISSN: 1356-689X
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Journal articleRygg BA, 2013, , PLoS ONE, Vol: 8, Pages: e59783-e59783
<p>The hammerhead shark possesses a unique head morphology that is thought to facilitate enhanced olfactory performance. The olfactory chambers, located at the distal ends of the cephalofoil, contain numerous lamellae that increase the surface area for olfaction. Functionally, for the shark to detect chemical stimuli, water-borne odors must reach the olfactory sensory epithelium that lines these lamellae. Thus, odorant transport from the aquatic environment to the sensory epithelium is the first critical step in olfaction. Here we investigate the hydrodynamics of olfaction in <italic>Sphyrna tudes</italic> based on an anatomically-accurate reconstruction of the head and olfactory chamber from high-resolution micro-CT and MRI scans of a cadaver specimen. Computational fluid dynamics simulations of water flow in the reconstructed model reveal the external and internal hydrodynamics of olfaction during swimming. Computed external flow patterns elucidate the occurrence of flow phenomena that result in high and low pressures at the incurrent and excurrent nostrils, respectively, which induces flow through the olfactory chamber. The major (prenarial) nasal groove along the cephalofoil is shown to facilitate sampling of a large spatial extent (i.e., an extended hydrodynamic “reach”) by directing oncoming flow towards the incurrent nostril. Further, both the major and minor nasal grooves redirect some flow away from the incurrent nostril, thereby limiting the amount of fluid that enters the olfactory chamber. Internal hydrodynamic flow patterns are also revealed, where we show that flow rates within the sensory channels between olfactory lamellae are passively regulated by the apical gap, which functions as a partial bypass for flow in the olfactory chamber. Consequently, the hammerhead shark appears to utilize external (major and minor nasal grooves) and internal (apical gap) flow regulation mechanisms to limit water flow between the olfactory
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Journal articleNicotra A, King NKK, Catley M, et al., 2013, , EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL, Vol: 22, Pages: 189-196, ISSN: 0940-6719
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- Citations: 16
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Journal articleBarrow A, Akhtar K, Gupte C, et al., 2013,
Requirements analysis of a 5 degree of freedom haptic simulator for orthopedic trauma surgery.
, Stud Health Technol Inform, Vol: 184, Pages: 43-47, ISSN: 0926-9630There are currently few Virtual Reality simulators for orthopedic trauma surgery. The current simulators provide only a basic recreation of the manual skills involved, focusing instead on the procedural and anatomical knowledge required. One factor limiting simulation of the manual skills is the complexity of adding realistic haptic feedback, particularly torques. This paper investigates the requirements, in terms of forces and workspace (linear and rotational), of a haptic interface to simulate placement of a lag screw in the femoral head, such as for fixation of a fracture in the neck of the femur. To measure these requirements, a study has been conducted involving 5 subjects with experience performing this particular procedure. The results gathered are being used to inform the design of a new haptic simulator for orthopedic trauma surgery.
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Journal articleAqil A, Drabu R, Bergmann J, et al., 2013,
The Gait Of Patients With One Resurfacing And One Replacement Hip: A Single Blinded Controlled Study
, International Orthopaedics -
Journal articleMasjedi M, Nightingale C, Azimi D, et al., 2013, , The Bone & Joint Journal, Vol: 95-B, Pages: 314-319
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Journal articleAbel RL, Shah SIA, Langley RE, et al., 2013, , BJUI, Vol: 112, Pages: E431-E433
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